Vale Nickel Portfolio

Vale Base Metals' nickel portfolio. Canadian operations: Sudbury (Ontario) integrated mining + milling + smelting complex, Voisey's Bay (Newfoundland & Labrador) underground mines now in ramp-up, Thompson (Manitoba) and Long Harbour refinery (Newfoundland — finishes Voisey's Bay concentrate). Brazilian nickel at Onça Puma (Pará) — second furnace commissioned September 2025 on schedule and under budget, adding 15 ktpa of capacity (nominal site capacity now 40 ktpa). Sudbury mill ore throughput planned to increase. 2030 onward production target 210-250 kt with Long Harbour and both Onça Puma furnaces at full capacity. Vale owns 90% of Vale Base Metals (Manara Minerals 10% since April 2024).